建立您自己的角點檢測器

目錄

• 目標
• 理論
• 程式碼
• 解釋
• 結果

上一個教程： Shi-Tomasi 角點檢測器
下一個教程： 檢測亞畫素級的角點位置

原始作者	Ana Huamán
相容性	OpenCV >= 3.0

目標

在本教程中，您將學習如何

• 使用OpenCV函式 cv::cornerEigenValsAndVecs 查詢特徵值和特徵向量，以確定一個畫素是否為角點。
• 使用OpenCV函式 cv::cornerMinEigenVal 查詢用於角點檢測的最小特徵值。
• 透過使用上述兩個函式，實現我們自己的Harris檢測器和Shi-Tomasi檢測器。

理論

程式碼

C++

本教程程式碼如下所示。您也可以從此處下載。

 
#include "opencv2/highgui.hpp"
#include "opencv2/imgproc.hpp"
#include <iostream>
 
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
 
Mat src, src_gray;
Mat myHarris_dst, myHarris_copy, Mc;
Mat myShiTomasi_dst, myShiTomasi_copy;
 
int myShiTomasi_qualityLevel = 50;
int myHarris_qualityLevel = 50;
int max_qualityLevel = 100;
 
double myHarris_minVal, myHarris_maxVal;
double myShiTomasi_minVal, myShiTomasi_maxVal;
 
RNG rng(12345);
 
const char* myHarris_window = "My Harris corner detector";
const char* myShiTomasi_window = "My Shi Tomasi corner detector";
 
void myShiTomasi_function( int, void* );
void myHarris_function( int, void* );
 
int main( int argc, char** argv )
{
    CommandLineParser parser( argc, argv, "{@input | building.jpg | input image}" );
src = imread( samples::findFile( parser.get<String>( "@input" ) ) );
    if ( src.empty() )
    {
cout << "Could not open or find the image!\n" << endl;
cout << "Usage: " << argv[0] << " <Input image>" << endl;
        return -1;
    }
cvtColor( src, src_gray, COLOR_BGR2GRAY );
 
    int blockSize = 3, apertureSize = 3;
 
cornerEigenValsAndVecs( src_gray, myHarris_dst, blockSize, apertureSize );
 
    /* calculate Mc */
Mc = Mat( src_gray.size(), CV_32FC1 );
    for( int i = 0; i < src_gray.rows; i++ )
    {
        for( int j = 0; j < src_gray.cols; j++ )
        {
            float lambda_1 = myHarris_dst.at<Vec6f>(i, j)[0];
            float lambda_2 = myHarris_dst.at<Vec6f>(i, j)[1];
Mc.at<float>(i, j) = lambda_1*lambda_2 - 0.04f*((lambda_1 + lambda_2) * (lambda_1 + lambda_2));
        }
    }
 
minMaxLoc( Mc, &myHarris_minVal, &myHarris_maxVal );
 
    /* Create Window and Trackbar */
namedWindow( myHarris_window );
createTrackbar( "Quality Level:", myHarris_window, &myHarris_qualityLevel, max_qualityLevel, myHarris_function );
myHarris_function( 0, 0 );
 
cornerMinEigenVal( src_gray, myShiTomasi_dst, blockSize, apertureSize );
 
minMaxLoc( myShiTomasi_dst, &myShiTomasi_minVal, &myShiTomasi_maxVal );
 
    /* Create Window and Trackbar */
namedWindow( myShiTomasi_window );
createTrackbar( "Quality Level:", myShiTomasi_window, &myShiTomasi_qualityLevel, max_qualityLevel, myShiTomasi_function );
myShiTomasi_function( 0, 0 );
 
cv::Mat::empty
    return 0;
}
 
void myShiTomasi_function( int, void* )
{
myShiTomasi_copy = src.clone();
myShiTomasi_qualityLevel = MAX(myShiTomasi_qualityLevel, 1);
 
    for( int i = 0; i < src_gray.rows; i++ )
    {
        for( int j = 0; j < src_gray.cols; j++ )
        {
            if( myShiTomasi_dst.at<float>(i,j) > myShiTomasi_minVal + ( myShiTomasi_maxVal - myShiTomasi_minVal )*myShiTomasi_qualityLevel/max_qualityLevel )
            {
                circle( myShiTomasi_copy, Point(j,i), 4, Scalar( rng.uniform(0,256), rng.uniform(0,256), rng.uniform(0,256) ), FILLED );
            }
        }
    }
    imshow( myShiTomasi_window, myShiTomasi_copy );
}
 
void myHarris_function( int, void* )
{
myHarris_copy = src.clone();
myHarris_qualityLevel = MAX(myHarris_qualityLevel, 1);
 
    for( int i = 0; i < src_gray.rows; i++ )
    {
        for( int j = 0; j < src_gray.cols; j++ )
        {
            if( Mc.at<float>(i,j) > myHarris_minVal + ( myHarris_maxVal - myHarris_minVal )*myHarris_qualityLevel/max_qualityLevel )
            {
                circle( myHarris_copy, Point(j,i), 4, Scalar( rng.uniform(0,256), rng.uniform(0,256), rng.uniform(0,256) ), FILLED );
            }
        }
    }
    imshow( myHarris_window, myHarris_copy );
}

Java

本教程程式碼如下所示。您也可以從此處下載。

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Container;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.util.Random;
 
import javax.swing.BoxLayout;
import javax.swing.ImageIcon;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JSlider;
import javax.swing.event.ChangeEvent;
import javax.swing.event.ChangeListener;
 
import org.opencv.core.Core;
import org.opencv.core.Core.MinMaxLocResult;
import org.opencv.core.CvType;
import org.opencv.core.Mat;
import org.opencv.core.Point;
import org.opencv.core.Scalar;
import org.opencv.highgui.HighGui;
import org.opencv.imgcodecs.Imgcodecs;
import org.opencv.imgproc.Imgproc;
 
class CornerDetector {
    private Mat src = new Mat();
    private Mat srcGray = new Mat();
    private Mat harrisDst = new Mat();
    private Mat shiTomasiDst = new Mat();
    private Mat harrisCopy = new Mat();
    private Mat shiTomasiCopy = new Mat();
    private Mat Mc = new Mat();
    private JFrame frame;
    private JLabel harrisImgLabel;
    private JLabel shiTomasiImgLabel;
    private static final int MAX_QUALITY_LEVEL = 100;
    private int qualityLevel = 50;
    private double harrisMinVal;
    private double harrisMaxVal;
    private double shiTomasiMinVal;
    private double shiTomasiMaxVal;
    private Random rng = new Random(12345);
 
    public CornerDetector(String[] args) {
String filename = args.length > 0 ? args[0] : "../data/building.jpg";
src = Imgcodecs.imread(filename);
        if (src.empty()) {
System.err.println("Cannot read image: " + filename);
System.exit(0);
        }
 
Imgproc.cvtColor(src, srcGray, Imgproc.COLOR_BGR2GRAY);
 
        // Create and set up the window.
frame = new JFrame("Creating your own corner detector demo");
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        // Set up the content pane.
Image img = HighGui.toBufferedImage(src);
addComponentsToPane(frame.getContentPane(), img);
        // Use the content pane's default BorderLayout. No need for
        // setLayout(new BorderLayout());
        // Display the window.
frame.pack();
frame.setVisible(true);
 
        int blockSize = 3, apertureSize = 3;
 
Imgproc.cornerEigenValsAndVecs(srcGray, harrisDst, blockSize, apertureSize);
 
        /* calculate Mc */
Mc = Mat.zeros(srcGray.size(), CvType.CV_32F);
 
        float[] harrisData = new float[(int) (harrisDst.total() * harrisDst.channels())];
harrisDst.get(0, 0, harrisData);
        float[] McData = new float[(int) (Mc.total() * Mc.channels())];
Mc.get(0, 0, McData);
 
        for( int i = 0; i < srcGray.rows(); i++ ) {
            for( int j = 0; j < srcGray.cols(); j++ ) {
                float lambda1 = harrisData[(i*srcGray.cols() + j) * 6];
                float lambda2 = harrisData[(i*srcGray.cols() + j) * 6 + 1];
McData[i*srcGray.cols()+j] = (float) (lambda1*lambda2 - 0.04f*Math.pow( ( lambda1 + lambda2 ), 2 ));
            }
        }
Mc.put(0, 0, McData);
 
MinMaxLocResult res = Core.minMaxLoc(Mc);
harrisMinVal = res.minVal;
harrisMaxVal = res.maxVal;
 
Imgproc.cornerMinEigenVal(srcGray, shiTomasiDst, blockSize, apertureSize);
res = Core.minMaxLoc(shiTomasiDst);
shiTomasiMinVal = res.minVal;
shiTomasiMaxVal = res.maxVal;
 
update();
    }
 
    private void addComponentsToPane(Container pane, Image img) {
        if (!(pane.getLayout() instanceof BorderLayout)) {
pane.add(new JLabel("Container doesn't use BorderLayout!"));
            return;
        }
 
JPanel sliderPanel = new JPanel();
sliderPanel.setLayout(new BoxLayout(sliderPanel, BoxLayout.PAGE_AXIS));
 
sliderPanel.add(new JLabel("Max corners:"));
JSlider slider = new JSlider(0, MAX_QUALITY_LEVEL, qualityLevel);
slider.setMajorTickSpacing(20);
slider.setMinorTickSpacing(10);
slider.setPaintTicks(true);
slider.setPaintLabels(true);
slider.addChangeListener(new ChangeListener() {
@Override
            public void stateChanged(ChangeEvent e) {
JSlider source = (JSlider) e.getSource();
qualityLevel = source.getValue();
update();
            }
        });
sliderPanel.add(slider);
pane.add(sliderPanel, BorderLayout.PAGE_START);
 
JPanel imgPanel = new JPanel();
harrisImgLabel = new JLabel(new ImageIcon(img));
shiTomasiImgLabel = new JLabel(new ImageIcon(img));
imgPanel.add(harrisImgLabel);
imgPanel.add(shiTomasiImgLabel);
pane.add(imgPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
    }
 
    private void update() {
        int qualityLevelVal = Math.max(qualityLevel, 1);
 
        //Harris
harrisCopy = src.clone();
 
        float[] McData = new float[(int) (Mc.total() * Mc.channels())];
Mc.get(0, 0, McData);
        for (int i = 0; i < srcGray.rows(); i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < srcGray.cols(); j++) {
                if (McData[i * srcGray.cols() + j] > harrisMinVal
+ (harrisMaxVal - harrisMinVal) * qualityLevelVal / MAX_QUALITY_LEVEL) {
Imgproc.circle(harrisCopy, new Point(j, i), 4,
                            new Scalar(rng.nextInt(256), rng.nextInt(256), rng.nextInt(256)), Imgproc.FILLED);
                }
            }
        }
 
        //Shi-Tomasi
shiTomasiCopy = src.clone();
 
        float[] shiTomasiData = new float[(int) (shiTomasiDst.total() * shiTomasiDst.channels())];
shiTomasiDst.get(0, 0, shiTomasiData);
        for (int i = 0; i < srcGray.rows(); i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < srcGray.cols(); j++) {
                if (shiTomasiData[i * srcGray.cols() + j] > shiTomasiMinVal
+ (shiTomasiMaxVal - shiTomasiMinVal) * qualityLevelVal / MAX_QUALITY_LEVEL) {
Imgproc.circle(shiTomasiCopy, new Point(j, i), 4,
                            new Scalar(rng.nextInt(256), rng.nextInt(256), rng.nextInt(256)), Imgproc.FILLED);
                }
            }
        }
 
harrisImgLabel.setIcon(new ImageIcon(HighGui.toBufferedImage(harrisCopy)));
shiTomasiImgLabel.setIcon(new ImageIcon(HighGui.toBufferedImage(shiTomasiCopy)));
frame.repaint();
    }
}
 
public class CornerDetectorDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 載入本地 OpenCV 庫
System.loadLibrary(Core.NATIVE_LIBRARY_NAME);
 
        // Schedule a job for the event dispatch thread
        // creating and showing this application's GUI.
javax.swing.SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
@Override
            public void run() {
                new CornerDetector(args);
            }
        });
    }
}

Python

本教程程式碼如下所示。您也可以從此處下載。

from __future__ import print_function
import cv2 as cv
import numpy as np
import argparse
import random as rng
 
myHarris_window = 'My Harris corner detector'
myShiTomasi_window = 'My Shi Tomasi corner detector'
myHarris_qualityLevel = 50
myShiTomasi_qualityLevel = 50
max_qualityLevel = 100
rng.seed(12345)
 
def myHarris_function(val)
myHarris_copy = np.copy(src)
myHarris_qualityLevel = max(val, 1)
 
    for i in range(src_gray.shape[0])
        for j in range(src_gray.shape[1])
            if Mc[i,j] > myHarris_minVal + ( myHarris_maxVal - myHarris_minVal )*myHarris_qualityLevel/max_qualityLevel
                cv.circle(myHarris_copy, (j,i), 4, (rng.randint(0,256), rng.randint(0,256), rng.randint(0,256)), cv.FILLED)
 
    cv.imshow(myHarris_window, myHarris_copy)
 
def myShiTomasi_function(val)
myShiTomasi_copy = np.copy(src)
myShiTomasi_qualityLevel = max(val, 1)
 
    for i in range(src_gray.shape[0])
        for j in range(src_gray.shape[1])
            if myShiTomasi_dst[i,j] > myShiTomasi_minVal + ( myShiTomasi_maxVal - myShiTomasi_minVal )*myShiTomasi_qualityLevel/max_qualityLevel
                cv.circle(myShiTomasi_copy, (j,i), 4, (rng.randint(0,256), rng.randint(0,256), rng.randint(0,256)), cv.FILLED)
 
    cv.imshow(myShiTomasi_window, myShiTomasi_copy)
 
# 載入源影像並將其轉換為灰度影像
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Code for Creating your own corner detector tutorial.')
parser.add_argument('--input', help='Path to input image.', default='building.jpg')
args = parser.parse_args()
 
src = cv.imread(cv.samples.findFile(args.input))
if src is None
print('Could not open or find the image:', args.input)
exit(0)
 
src_gray = cv.cvtColor(src, cv.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
 
# Set some parameters
blockSize = 3
apertureSize = 3
 
# My Harris matrix -- Using cornerEigenValsAndVecs
myHarris_dst = cv.cornerEigenValsAndVecs(src_gray, blockSize, apertureSize)
 
# calculate Mc
Mc = np.empty(src_gray.shape, dtype=np.float32)
for i in range(src_gray.shape[0])
    for j in range(src_gray.shape[1])
lambda_1 = myHarris_dst[i,j,0]
lambda_2 = myHarris_dst[i,j,1]
Mc[i,j] = lambda_1*lambda_2 - 0.04*pow( ( lambda_1 + lambda_2 ), 2 )
 
myHarris_minVal, myHarris_maxVal, _, _ = cv.minMaxLoc(Mc)
 
# Create Window and Trackbar
cv.namedWindow(myHarris_window)
cv.createTrackbar('Quality Level:', myHarris_window, myHarris_qualityLevel, max_qualityLevel, myHarris_function)
myHarris_function(myHarris_qualityLevel)
 
# My Shi-Tomasi -- Using cornerMinEigenVal
myShiTomasi_dst = cv.cornerMinEigenVal(src_gray, blockSize, apertureSize)
 
myShiTomasi_minVal, myShiTomasi_maxVal, _, _ = cv.minMaxLoc(myShiTomasi_dst)
 
# Create Window and Trackbar
cv.namedWindow(myShiTomasi_window)
cv.createTrackbar('Quality Level:', myShiTomasi_window, myShiTomasi_qualityLevel, max_qualityLevel, myShiTomasi_function)
myShiTomasi_function(myShiTomasi_qualityLevel)
 
cv.waitKey()

解釋

結果